Organization Theory by Chester Barnard by Kazuhito Isomura

Author:Kazuhito Isomura
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811592065
Publisher: Springer Singapore

An operational unit’s leader contributes to both executive and operational unit organizations. Under such a condition, a single concrete action or decision is an activity of two different unit organizations. This simultaneous contribution to two organizations by a single act appears to be the critical fact in all complex organizations. The most important thing to be recognized is that the complex is made an organic whole by it. That is the reason why Barnard defines a formal organization as an impersonal system of contributors’ activities and forces.

Needless to say, the size of an executive organization is also limited by communication and leadership. Thus executive organizations are divided again and combined vertically, so an extensive pyramid of executive units is gradually created in a very large complex organization. Barnard does not necessarily admit that a pyramid metaphor is appropriate to explain a large complex formal organization. Actually, Barnard suggests that a metaphor of a circle or a sphere is more appropriate for him to explain the relationship between two or more unit organizations.

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